Green Planner

| Last Updated:: 06/10/2017

Green Planner

Cities and metropolis are densely populated. Besides, movement of vehicles (automobiles) is also high being the most popular mode of transport. The most common problem is air, dust and noise pollution. Plants with their canopy minimize these pollutions by filtering dust and absorption of gaseous pollutants. Once the plants are established, they need little care and attention.

The “GREEN PLANNER” is to provide information to Town Planners, Policy makers and other stakeholders regarding the plants suitable for landscaping. In first instance, the “Green Planner” introduces the plants suitable for roadside, divider and in the greenbelts.

Roadside Plantation: Proper planning, right selection of tree species and their placement are the factors for successful avenue plantation. Planting Design keeping in mind colour scheme, height, foliage, flowering season helps to create strong effects. Planting in single rows, double rows and multiple rows is recommended depending upon the availability of space. Proper avenue plantation helps in minimizing dust load, gaseous pollutants besides reducing sound pollution of urban area.

Greenbelt Plantation: Greenbelt is the mass plantation of pollution tolerant trees (evergreen & deciduous) in an area for the purpose(industries) for minimizing air pollution by filtering, intercepting and absorbing pollutants in an effective manner for the improvement of environment.

Divider Plantation: As the dividers of the roads are subjected to automobile exhaust of high intensity, plant species selected for planting must be tolerant to dust and automobile fumes.

Climatic conditions have also to be taken into account while selecting plant. State wise data on Roadside, Green belt, and Divider plantation is as follows...

Andaman & Nicobar
Climatic Conditions		Types & Name of Plants
Rain:	2,967 mm	Roadside	Albizia lebbeck, Pterocarpus indicus, Elaeocarpus reticulatus
Humidity:	79%	Dividers	*Fagraea racemosa, Clerodendrum inerme, Rhododendron cinnabarinum*
Temp.(Min)/(Max)	23°C/30°C	Greenbelt	*Pterocymbium tinctorium, Tetrameles nudiflora, Gyrocarpus americanus, Terminalia catappa*

Arunachal Pradesh
Climatic Conditions		Types & Name of Plants
Rain:	2,782 mm	Roadside	*Castanopsis indica, Lepisanthes tetraphylla, Prunus cerasoides*
Humidity:	83%	Dividers	*Vitex negundo, Rhododendron* *caxianum, Rhododendron ciliatum*
Temp.(Min)/(Max)	15°C/36°C	Greenbelt	*Quercus leucotricophora, Aglaia spectabilis, Altingia excelsa, Bischofia javanica*

Assam
Climatic Conditions		Types & Name of Plants
Rain:	2,818 mm	Roadside	*Lagerstroemia speciosa, Magnolia hodgsonii, Duabanga grandiflora, Salix tetrasperm*
Humidity:	89%	Dividers	*Hibiscus rosa sinensis, Nyctanthes arboritristis, Alocasia macrorrhizos*
Temp.(Min)/(Max)	6°C/38°C	Greenbelt	*Horsfieldia kingii, Drimycarpus racemosus, Anthocephalus chinensis, Mesua ferrea*

Bihar
Climatic Conditions		Types & Name of Plants
Rain:	1,186 mm	Roadside	*Dalbergia Latifolia,* *Dalbergia sissoo,* *Moringa oleifera,*
Humidity:	63%	Dividers	*Wrightia antidysenterica, Bahunia acuminata, Rhododendron ponticum*
Temp.(Min)/(Max)	6°C/45°C	Greenbelt	*Shorea robusta,* *Diospyros melanoxylon, Terminalia elliptica*

Chandigarh
Climatic Conditions		Types & Name of Plants
Rain:	617 mm	Roadside	*Aesculus indica, Alstonia scholaris, Elaeocarpus ganitrus, Lagerstroemia speciosa*
Humidity:	78%	Dividers	*Plumeria Alba, Vitex negundo, Murraya koenigii*
Temp.(Min)/(Max)	7°C/46°C	Greenbelt	*Adina cordifolia, Kigelia pinnata, Terminalia bellerica*

Delhi
Climatic Conditions		Types & Name of Plants
Rain:	617 mm	Roadside	*Anogeissus pendula, Diospyros melanoxylon, Flacourtia indica, Salvadora persica, Anogeissus latifolia*
Humidity:	72%	Dividers	*Melaleuca viminalis, Bauhinia variegata*
Temp.(Min)/(Max)	11°C/46°C	Greenbelt	*Neolamarckia cadamba, Mimusops elengi, Ficus virens, Ficus benghalensis*

Gujarat
Climatic Conditions		Types & Name of Plants
Rain:	1,107 mm	Roadside	*Acacia auriculiformis, Acacia ferruginea, Borassus flabellifer*
Humidity:	67%	Dividers	*Biota orientalis, Bixa orellana, Cycas circinalis*
Temp.(Min)/(Max)	10°C/42°C	Greenbelt	*Bridelia retusa, Bauhinia purpurea, Cassia siamea, Couroupita guianensis*

Goa
Climatic Conditions		Types & Name of Plants
Rain:	3,005 mm	Roadside	*Tectona grandis,* *Sterculia foetida,* *Thespesia populnea*
Humidity:	71%	Dividers	*Vitex negundo, Callistemon*
Temp.(Min)/(Max)	19°C/34°C	Greenbelt	*Dalbergia latifolia, Cocos nucifera***

Meghalaya
Climatic Conditions		Types & Name of Plants
Rain:	2,818 mm	Roadside	*Taxus baccata, Elaeaeocarpus floribundus*
Humidity:	63%	Dividers	*Rhododendron arboreum, Eurya japonica, Mahonia* *aquifolium*
Temp.(Min)/(Max)	4°C/28°C	Greenbelt	Pinus kesiya, Podocrapus eriinfolius, Cyathea gigantea

Manipur
Climatic Conditions		Types & Name of Plants
Rain:	1,881 mm	Roadside	*Taxus baccata, Trachycarpus ukhrulensis, Prunsus cerasoides, Engelhardtia spicata, Caryota obtusa,*
Humidity:	75%	Dividers	*Lithocarpus pachyphyllus,* *Brassaiopsis hainla, Luculia gratissima*
Temp.(Min)/(Max)	2°C/33°C	Greenbelt	*Magnolia campbellii, Cornus nuttalli*

Mizoram
Climatic Conditions		Types & Name of Plants
Rain:	1,881 mm	Roadside	*Lagerstroemia speciosa, Elaeis guineensis, Podocarpusneriifolius, Schima wallichii choisy,Quercus acutissima*
Humidity:	76%	Dividers	*Strobilanthus maculata, Ceropegia lauwii*
Temp.(Min)/(Max)	10°C/35°C	Greenbelt	*Fiscus elastica, Melia azaderach, Albizia procera, Tectona grandis*

Maharastra
Climatic Conditions		Types & Name of Plants
Rain:	1,456 mm	Roadside	*Pterocarpus marsupium, Emblica offinalis, Haldina cordifolia, Borassus flabellifer, Peltophorum pterocarpum*
Humidity:	75%	Dividers	*Annona muricata, Santalum album, Brassia actinophylla, Tecoma stans*
Temp.(Min)/(Max)	22°C/33°C	Greenbelt	Tremorientalis, Lannea coromandelia, Ficus racemosa, Pterospermum acerifolium

Madhya Pradesh
Climatic Conditions		Types & Name of Plants
Rain:	1,456 mm	Roadside	*Gmelina arborea, Prosopis eineraria, Scheichera oleosa*
Humidity:	75%	Dividers	*Ipomea fistulosa, Lagerstroemia indica, Senna auriculata*
Temp.(Min)/(Max)	22°C/33°C	Greenbelt	*Dendrocalamus strictus, Terminalia tomemtosa, Dalbergia sissoo, Albizia procera***

Nagaland
Climatic Conditions		Types & Name of Plants
Rain:	1,456 mm	Roadside	*Melia azedarach, Mangoliachampaca, Alnus nepalensis*
Humidity:	75%	Dividers	*Callistemon viminalis, Nyctanthes arbortristis, Bergera koenigii*
Temp.(Min)/(Max)	22°C/33°C	Greenbelt	*Acrocarpus flexinifolius, Ficus religiosa, Switenia mahagoni*

Orissa
Climatic Conditions		Types & Name of Plants
Rain:	1,456 mm	Roadside	*Eugenia jambolana, Shorea robusta, Pterocar marsupium, Bauhinia vahlii*
Humidity:	75%	Dividers	*Lagerstroemia indica, Nyctanthes arbortristis*
Temp.(Min)/(Max)	22°C/33°C	Greenbelt	*Terminalia tomentosa, Buchanania lanzan, Bombax ceiba*

Punjab
Climatic Conditions		Types & Name of Plants
Rain:	1,456 mm	Roadside	*Eugenia jambolana, Albizzia lebbek, Prosopis cineraria, Butea monosperma*
Humidity:	75%	Dividers	*Hibiscus rosa, Nerium oleander, Plumeria alba*
Temp.(Min)/(Max)	22°C/33°C	Greenbelt	*Dalbergia sissoo, Shorea robusta, Fiscus bengalensis*

Pondicherry
Climatic Conditions		Types & Name of Plants
Rain:	998 mm	Roadside	*Borassus flabellifer, Phoenix sylvestris, Millingtonia hortensis, Albizzia lebbeck, Polyalthia longifolia***
Humidity:	69%	Dividers	*Bouganvillea species, Lpomea carnea, Cassia fistula, Hibiscus rosa, Melaleuca citrina*
Temp.(Min)/(Max)	20°C/35°C	Greenbelt	*Berrya cordifolia, Ceiba pentandra*

Rajasthan
Climatic Conditions		Types & Name of Plants
Rain:	494 mm	Roadside	*Phoenix sylvestris, Tecomella undulata, Acacia nilotica*
Humidity:	60%	Dividers	*Prospis cirianera, Nerium oleand***er
Temp.(Min)/(Max)	18°C/48°C	Greenbelt	*Zizypus nummularia, Dendrocalamus strictus, Neolamarkia cadamba*

Sikkim
Climatic Conditions		Types & Name of Plants
Rain:	2,739 mm	Roadside	*Abies webbiana, Acer laevigatum, Acer oblongum, Acrocarpus fraxinifolius*
Humidity:	63%	Dividers	*Rhododendron tsutsuji, Camellia japonica, Spathodea campanulata, Hibiscusrosa sinensis*
Temp.(Min)/(Max)	15°C/30°C	Greenbelt	*Alnus nepalensis, Alostonia scholaris, Artocarpus lakooeha, Betula alnoidesi*

Tripura
Climatic Conditions		Types & Name of Plants
Rain:	1,881 mm	Roadside	*Mesuaferrea, Albizia procera, Schima wallichii*
Humidity:	68%	Dividers	*Lagerstroemia indica, Bauhinia variegata, Caesalpinia pulcherrima*
Temp.(Min)/(Max)	10°C/35°C	Greenbelt	*Meliosma simplicifolia, Syzygium cumini, Artocarpus altilis*

Tamil Nadu
Climatic Conditions		Types & Name of Plants
Rain:	998 mm	Roadside	*Borassus flabellifer, Emblicaofficinalis, Millingtonia hortensis*
Humidity:	65%	Dividers	*Carissa spinarum, Ixora coccinea, Cassia siamea*
Temp.(Min)/(Max)	18°C/40°C	Greenbelt	*Ceiba pentandra, Acacia nilotica, Dalbergia latifolia*

Uttarakhand
Climatic Conditions		Types & Name of Plants
Rain:	1,553 mm	Roadside	*Mallotus philippensis, Rhododendron arboreum, Dalbergia sissoo*
Humidity:	64%	Dividers	*Bauhinia variegata, Ribes glaciale*
Temp.(Min)/(Max)	1°C/40°C	Greenbelt	*Neolamarckia cadamba, Quercus leucotrichophora, Lyonia ovalifolia*

Uttar Pradesh
Climatic Conditions		Types & Name of Plants
Rain:	1,025 mm	Roadside	*Delbergia sisso, Butea* *monosperma, Tectona grandis, Saraca asoca*
Humidity:	67%	Dividers	*Nyctanthes arbortristis, Bougainvillea species, Magnolia champaca, Hibiscus rosasinensis***
Temp.(Min)/(Max)	23°C/48°C	Greenbelt	*Eucalyptus globulus, Shorea robusta, Haldina cordifolia, Ficus religiosa*

West Bengal
Climatic Conditions		Types & Name of Plants
Rain:	2,089 mm	Roadside	*Lagerstroemia* *speciosa, Bombax ceiba, Senegalia catechu*
Humidity:	65%	Dividers	*Bougainvillea, Mussaenda, Hibiscus rosa sinensis, Inula*
Temp.(Min)/(Max)	7°C/40°C	Greenbelt	*Dalbergia sisoo, Shorea robusta, Terminalia arjuna*

References

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CPWD 2013. A Handbook of Landscape – A guide. Falcon Graphics, Delhi.
Singh V. 2013. Road development and management with reference to pollution Int J. Of Geology, Earth and Env. Sci. 3:23-28.
Jasrai YT and Sisodia PS (2005). Role of vegetation in making cities better liven up. Urban Pollution Issues and Solutions 167.
Kulshrestha K, Rai A, Mohanty CS, Roy RK and Sharma SC (2009). Particulate Pollution Mitigating Ability of Some Plant Species. International Journal of Environmental Research 3 137-142.
Varshnay CK and Mitra I (1993). Importance of hedges in improving urban air quality. Landscape and Urban Planning 25 75-83.
Ahmad, K.J., Yunus, Mohd., Singh, S.N., Srivastave, Kanti, Singh, N., Pandey, V. and Mishra, J. 1991. Air Pollution and plants. CSIR News (8): 170-174.
Boralkar 1994. Suggested guidelines for greenbelts in industrial area. Encology 9(7): 21-22.
Haq, S.M.A. 2011. Urban green spaces and an integrative approach to sustainable environment. Journal of Environmental Protection, 2(5): 601-608.
Nayar, M.P. 1985. Tree Canopies. Air pollution and plants . A state of the art report. Ministry of Environment & Forests, New Delhi.
Pokhriyal, T.C. and Nautiyal, S. 1991. Greenbelts vis-a-vis environmental pollution. Indian Forester 117(6): 468-475.
Roy, R.K. and Sharma S.C. 1997. Greenbelt for minimizing industrial and urban pollution. Encology 11 (9): 8-12.
Sharma, S.C and Roy, R.K. 1997. Greenbelt - An effective means of mitigating industrial pollution. Ind. J. Environ. Prot. 17 (10): 724 -727.

EIACP Centre on Plants and Pollution

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