ENVIS Centre, Ministry of Environment & Forest, Govt. of India
Printed Date: Tuesday, December 3, 2024
Green Planner
Cities and metropolis are densely populated. Besides, movement of vehicles (automobiles) is also high being the most popular mode of transport. The most common problem is air, dust and noise pollution. Plants with their canopy minimize these pollutions by filtering dust and absorption of gaseous pollutants. Once the plants are established, they need little care and attention.
The “GREEN PLANNER” is to provide information to Town Planners, Policy makers and other stakeholders regarding the plants suitable for landscaping. In first instance, the “Green Planner” introduces the plants suitable for roadside, divider and in the greenbelts.
Roadside Plantation: Proper planning, right selection of tree species and their placement are the factors for successful avenue plantation. Planting Design keeping in mind colour scheme, height, foliage, flowering season helps to create strong effects. Planting in single rows, double rows and multiple rows is recommended depending upon the availability of space. Proper avenue plantation helps in minimizing dust load, gaseous pollutants besides reducing sound pollution of urban area.
Greenbelt Plantation: Greenbelt is the mass plantation of pollution tolerant trees (evergreen & deciduous) in an area for the purpose(industries) for minimizing air pollution by filtering, intercepting and absorbing pollutants in an effective manner for the improvement of environment.
Divider Plantation: As the dividers of the roads are subjected to automobile exhaust of high intensity, plant species selected for planting must be tolerant to dust and automobile fumes.
Climatic conditions have also to be taken into account while selecting plant. State wise data on Roadside, Green belt, and Divider plantation is as follows...
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Climatic Conditions
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Types & Name of Plants
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Rain:
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1,456 mm
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Roadside
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Pterocarpus marsupium, Emblica offinalis, Haldina cordifolia, Borassus flabellifer, Peltophorum pterocarpum
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Humidity:
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75%
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Dividers
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Annona muricata, Santalum album, Brassia actinophylla, Tecoma stans
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Temp.(Min)/(Max)
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22°C/33°C
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Greenbelt
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Tremorientalis, Lannea coromandelia, Ficus racemosa, Pterospermum acerifolium
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Climatic Conditions
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Types & Name of Plants
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Rain:
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2,739 mm
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Roadside
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Abies webbiana, Acer laevigatum, Acer oblongum, Acrocarpus fraxinifolius
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Humidity:
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63%
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Dividers
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Rhododendron tsutsuji, Camellia japonica, Spathodea campanulata, Hibiscusrosa sinensis
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Temp.(Min)/(Max)
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15°C/30°C
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Greenbelt
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Alnus nepalensis, Alostonia scholaris, Artocarpus lakooeha, Betula alnoidesi
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Climatic Conditions
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Types & Name of Plants
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Rain:
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1,025 mm
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Roadside
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Delbergia sisso, Butea monosperma, Tectona grandis, Saraca asoca
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Humidity:
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67%
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Dividers
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Nyctanthes arbortristis, Bougainvillea species, Magnolia champaca, Hibiscus rosasinensis
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Temp.(Min)/(Max)
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23°C/48°C
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Greenbelt
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Eucalyptus globulus, Shorea robusta, Haldina cordifolia, Ficus religiosa
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References
- Roy R.K. and Singh, S. Urban landscapeand amelioration of environment by trees: Method and Approaches. Int. J. Of Latest Research in Science and Technology. 3:98-104.
- CPWD 2013. A Handbook of Landscape – A guide. Falcon Graphics, Delhi.
- Singh V. 2013. Road development and management with reference to pollution Int J. Of Geology, Earth and Env. Sci. 3:23-28.
- Jasrai YT and Sisodia PS (2005). Role of vegetation in making cities better liven up. Urban Pollution Issues and Solutions 167.
- Kulshrestha K, Rai A, Mohanty CS, Roy RK and Sharma SC (2009). Particulate Pollution Mitigating Ability of Some Plant Species. International Journal of Environmental Research 3 137-142.
- Varshnay CK and Mitra I (1993). Importance of hedges in improving urban air quality. Landscape and Urban Planning 25 75-83.
- Ahmad, K.J., Yunus, Mohd., Singh, S.N., Srivastave, Kanti, Singh, N., Pandey, V. and Mishra, J. 1991. Air Pollution and plants. CSIR News (8): 170-174.
- Boralkar 1994. Suggested guidelines for greenbelts in industrial area. Encology 9(7): 21-22.
- Haq, S.M.A. 2011. Urban green spaces and an integrative approach to sustainable environment. Journal of Environmental Protection, 2(5): 601-608.
- Nayar, M.P. 1985. Tree Canopies. Air pollution and plants . A state of the art report. Ministry of Environment & Forests, New Delhi.
- Pokhriyal, T.C. and Nautiyal, S. 1991. Greenbelts vis-a-vis environmental pollution. Indian Forester 117(6): 468-475.
- Roy, R.K. and Sharma S.C. 1997. Greenbelt for minimizing industrial and urban pollution. Encology 11 (9): 8-12.
- Sharma, S.C and Roy, R.K. 1997. Greenbelt - An effective means of mitigating industrial pollution. Ind. J. Environ. Prot. 17 (10): 724 -727.